Timeline: Ernest William Hill COX: Mills/Rushton Family History

Abt 1860 - 1898 (~ 38 years)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1860	29 Aug 1860: First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
2	1861	25 May 1861: American Civil War begins
3	1862	1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks) 20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
4	1863	1863: Football Association founded (UK) 1863: Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England 10 Jan 1863: First section of the London Underground Railway opens
5	1864	1864: A man-powered submarine, "Hunley", sank a Federal steam ship, USS Housatonic, at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 – the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship 11 Mar 1864: The Great Sheffield Flood – over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time 20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention 8 Dec 1864: Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened
6	1865	1865: Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) becomes first woman doctor in England [she later became the first woman mayor in England, in Aldeburgh 1908] 1865: First concrete roads built in Britain 14 Apr 1865: End of American Civil War – slavery abolished in USA 14 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth 5 Jul 1865: William Booth (1829-1912) founds Salvation Army, in London
7	1867	1 Jul 1867: The British North America Act takes effect, creating the Canadian Confederation
8	1868	1868: Last convicts landed in Australia (Western Australia)
9	1869	1869: Ball bearings, celluloid, margarine, and washing machines, all invented 23 Nov 1869: Cutty Sark launched in Dumbarton
10	1870	1870: GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies (nationalised) 1870: Dr Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children 1870: Water closets come into wide use 1870: Diamonds discovered in Kimberley, South Africa 1 Oct 1870: First British postcard – halfpenny post
11	1871	27 Mar 1871: First Rugby Football international, England v Scotland, played in Edinburgh 29 Mar 1871: Opening of Royal Albert Hall, London 29 Jun 1871: Trades Unions legalised in Britain, but picketing made illegal
12	1872	1872: Licensing hours introduced 1872: Penalties introduced for failing to register births, marriages & deaths (Eng & Wales) 4 Dec 1872: American ship "Mary Celeste" is found abandoned by the British brig "Dei Gratia" in the Atlantic Ocean
13	1874	1874: Factory Act introduces 56-hour week 5 Apr 1874: Birkenhead Park opened, said to be the first civic public park in the world – features of it later copied in Central Park, New York
14	1875	1875: London's main sewage system completed 1 Jan 1875: Midland Railway abolishes Second Class passenger facilities, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies followed during the rest of the year. (Third Class was renamed Second Class in 1956)
15	1876	14 Feb 1876: Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray each file a patent for the telephone – Bell awarded the rights
16	1877	1877: Edison invents microphone and phonograph
17	1878	1878: Edison & Swan invent electric lamp 1878: Red Flag Act in Britain limits mechanical road vehicles to 4mph 1878: CID established at New Scotland Yard
18	1879	18 Sep 1879: Blackpool illuminations switched on for first time
19	1880	1880: Education Act: schooling compulsory for 5-10 year olds 1880: Mosquito found to be the carrier of malaria 2 Aug 1880: Greenwich Mean Time adopted throughout UK
20	1881	1881: Postal Orders introduced 1881: Flogging abolished in Army and Royal Navy Sep 1881: Godalming in Surrey became the first town in England to have a public electricity supply installed (but in 1884 it reverted to gas lighting until 1904) 26 Oct 1881: Gunfight at OK Corral
21	1882	1882: Fourth Eddystone Lighthouse completed
22	1883	1883: Statue of Liberty presented to USA by France 24 May 1883: Brooklyn Bridge, New York opens (crosses East River) 1 Aug 1883: Parcel post starts in Britain 27 Aug 1883: Eruption of Krakatoa near Java – 30,000 killed by tidal wave
23	1884	31 May 1884: John Harvey Kellogg patents corn flakes 13 Oct 1884: Greenwich made prime meridian of the world
24	1885	1885: Carl Benz builds the 'Motorwagen', a single-cylinder motor car 1885: Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first motorcycle 1885: Eastman makes first coated photographic paper 1885: Canadian Pacific Railway completed Mar 1885: First UK cremation in modern times took place at Woking 5 Sep 1885: The first train runs through the Severn Tunnel 29 Sep 1885: First electric tramcar used at Blackpool
25	1886	20 Jan 1886: Mersey railway (under Mersey) opened by Prince of Wales May 1886: Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage later named "Coca-Cola" 29 May 1886: Putney Bridge opens in London
26	1887	1887: Daimler produces a four-wheeled motor car
27	1888	1888: Convention of Constantinople guarantees free maritime passage through Suez Canal in war and peace 1888: Jack the Ripper active in east London during the latter half of the year 1888: County Councils set up in Britain 1888: Dunlop invents pneumatic tyre 1888: First box camera – George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak, and receives a patent for his camera which uses roll film 20 Mar 1888: Football League formed
28	1889	1889: Celluloid film produced 1889: Dock Strike – docker's won their "Docker's Tanner", 6 old pennies 31 Mar 1889: Eiffel Tower completed (to mark centenary of French Revolution) 14 May 1889: Children's charity NSPCC launched in London 3 Jun 1889: Canadian Pacific Railway completed from coast to coast 28 Sep 1889: Length of a metre defined
29	1890	4 Mar 1890: Forth railway bridge opens – took six years to build 4 Nov 1890: City & South London Railway opens – London's first deep-level tube railway and first major railway in the world to use electric traction
30	1891	1891: Primary education made free and compulsory 18 Mar 1891: First telephone link between London & Paris 4 May 1891: Fictional date when Sherlock Holmes throws Moriarty over Reichenbach Falls, then disappears for 3 years! (published in 1893) 24 Aug 1891: Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera
31	1892	1892: Electric oven invented 1892: Shop Hours Act – limit 74 hours per week for under-18's 6 Oct 1892: Alfred Lord Tennyson dies, aged 83, at his house Aldworth, near Haslemere
32	1893	1893: Henry Ford's first car 1893: Zip fastener invented
33	1894	1894: Picture postcard introduced in Britain 1 Jan 1894: Manchester Ship Canal opens 1 Mar 1894: Blackpool Tower opens 30 Jun 1894: Tower Bridge first opens 2 Aug 1894: Death duties first introduced in Britain
34	1895	1895: Sir Henry Wood starts Promenade Concerts in London 12 Jan 1895: The National Trust founded in England 24 May 1895: Henry Irving becomes the first person from the theatre to be knighted 28 May 1895: Oscar Wilde sent to prison 12 Jul 1895: First recorded motor journey of any length (56 miles) in Britain 17 Oct 1895: First people in Britain to be charged with motor offences – John Henry Knight and James Pullinger of Farnham, Surrey Nov 1895: X-rays discovered
35	1896	5 Apr 1896: First modern Olympic Games held in Athens 2 Jun 1896: Guglielmo Marconi receives a British patent (later disputed) for the radio
36	1897	1897: Thomas Edison patents the Kinetoscope, the first movie projector
37	1898	1898: First photograph using artificial light 1898: Zeppelin builds airship 1898: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company founded 17 Mar 1898: USS Holland launched, the first practical submarine 27 Jun 1898: The first solo circumnavigation of the globe completed at Rhode island by Joshua Slocum in Spray (started from Boston, Mass on Apr 24, 1895)