Timeline: Rebecca DEWEY: Mills/Rushton Family History

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Abt 1822 - 1916 (~ 94 years)

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Timeline

Rebecca DEWEY (1822 - 1916)

	Date	Event(s)
1	1822	14 Jun 1822: Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society
2	1823	1823: New laws concerning marriage by licence – 'very troublesome' according to some: "the Act was repealed, all in a hurry, at the beginning of the next session" 1823: Peel begins penal reforms – death penalty abolished for over 100 crimes 1823: Rugby Football 'invented' at Rugby School 1823: Rubberised waterproof material produced by MacIntosh 2 Dec 1823: US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts (the 'Monroe Doctrine')
3	1824	1824: RSPCA established 1824: Portland cement patented 4 Mar 1824: Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) founded (called the "National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck" until 1854) 10 May 1824: National Gallery in London opens to the public
4	1825	27 Sep 1825: Stockton to Darlington Railway opens – world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains
5	1827	1827: Ohm's Law published
6	1828	25 Oct 1828: St Katharine Docks in London opened (designed by Thomas Telford)
7	1829	1829: London Metropolitan Police Force formed, nicknamed "Bobbies" after Sir Robert Peel 1829: Louis Braille invents his sytem of finger-reading for the blind 10 Jun 1829: First Oxford/Cambridge Boat Race 6 Oct 1829: George Stephenson's Rocket wins the Rainhill trials (it was the only one to complete the trial!)
8	1830	1830: Uprisings and agitation across Europe: the Netherlands are split into Holland and Belgium Jul 1830: Revolution in France, fall of Charles X and the Bourbons – Louis Philippe (the Citizen King) on the throne 15 Sep 1830: George Stephenson's Liverpool & Manchester Railway opened by the Duke of Wellington – first mail carried by rail, and first death on the railway as William Huskisson, a leading politician, is run over!
9	1831	1831: A list of all parish registers dating prior to 1813 compiled 1 Jun 1831: James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole 1 Aug 1831: 'New' London Bridge opens (replaced 1973) – old bridge (which had existed for over 600 years) then demolished
10	1832	1832: Electoral Registers introduced 1832: Electric telegraph invented by Morse 7 Jun 1832: Reform Bill passed – Representation of the People Act
11	1833	Jan 1833: Britain invades the Falkland Islands 29 Aug 1833: Factory Act forbids employment of children below age of 9
12	1834	1834: Babbage invents forerunner of the computer 18 Mar 1834: 'Tolpuddle Martyrs' transported (to Australia) for Trades Union activities 1 May 1834: Slavery abolished in British possessions
13	1835	1835: Christmas becomes a national holiday 1835: First railway boom period starts in Britain – construction of Great Western Railway
14	1836	1836: First Potato famine in Ireland 30 Jan 1836: Telford's Menai Straits Bridge opened – considered the world's first modern suspension bridge 25 Feb 1836: Samuel Colt patented the 'revolver' 6 Mar 1836: The Alamo falls to Mexican troops – death of Davy Crockett Jul 1836: Inauguration of the Arc de Triomphe in Paris
15	1837	1837: Pitman introduces his shorthand system 1837: P&O Founded 20 Jun 1837: William IV dies – accession of Queen Victoria (to 1901) 1 Jul 1837: Compulsory registration of Births, Marriages & Deaths in England & Wales – Registration Districts were formed covering several parishes; initially they had the same boundaries as the Poor Law boundaries set up in 1834 13 Jul 1837: Queen Victoria moves into the first Buckingham Palace 20 Jul 1837: Euston Railway station opens – first in London
16	1838	28 Jun 1838: Coronation of Queen Victoria at Westminster Abbey
17	1839	1839: First Opium War between Britain and China (to 1842) – Britain captures Hong Kong 1839: Scottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refines the primitive bicycle, adding a mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel, thus creating the first true "bicycle" in the modern sense 1839: Charles Goodyear invented vulcanized rubber
18	1840	1840: Population Act relating to taking of censuses in Britain 1840: Last convicts landed in NSW (some say 1842 or 1849, but these probably landed elsewhere) 10 Jan 1840: Uniform Penny Postage introduced nationally
19	1841	1841: Thomas Cook starts package tours 10 Feb 1841: Penny Red replaces Penny Black postage stamp 6 Jun 1841: June 6: First full census in Britain in which all names were recorded (Population 18.5M)
20	1842	1842: Income Tax reintroduced in Britain 30 Mar 1842: Ether used as an anaesthetic for the first time (by Dr Crawford Long in America) 29 Aug 1842: Treaty of Nanking – End of First Opium War – Britain gains Hong Kong
21	1843	1843: First Christmas card in England 27 May 1843: The Great Hall of Euston station opened in London 19 Jul 1843: Brunel's 'Great Britain' launched
22	1844	6 Jun 1844: YMCA founded in London by Sir George Williams
23	1845	1845: Tarmac laid for first time (in Nottingham) 17 Mar 1845: The rubber band patented by Stephen Perry
24	1846	10 Sep 1846: The sewing machine is patented by Elias Howe
25	1847	1847: US Mormons make Salt Lake City their centre Jan 1847: An anaesthetic used for the first time in England (James Simpson used ether to numb the pain of labour)
26	1848	1848: First commercial production of chewing gum 24 Jan 1848: Gold found at Sutter's Mill, California – starts the California gold rush 11 Jul 1848: Waterloo railway station in London opens
27	1849	1849: Florin (2 shilling coin) introduced as the first step to decimalisation – which finally occurred in 1971!
28	1851	1851: Gold discovered in Australia 1 May 1851: Great exhibition of the works of industry of all nations ("Crystal Palace" exhibition) opened in Hyde Park
29	1852	1852: Tasmania ceases to be a convict settlement 1852: Wells Fargo established in USA
30	1853	1853: Vaccination against smallpox made compulsory in Britain
31	1854	1854: Cigarettes introduced into Britain 27 Mar 1854: Britain declares war on Russia (Crimean War) 25 Oct 1854: Battle of Balaklava in Crimea (charge of the Light Brigade)
32	1856	1856: End of Crimean War 29 Jan 1856: Victoria Cross created by Royal Warrant, backdated to 1854 to recognise acts during the Crimean War (first award ceremony 26 June 1857)
33	1857	1857: Work starts on the laying of the Transatlantic cable
34	1858	1858: 'The great stink' – smell of the River Thames forced Parliament to stop work 1858: Royal Opera House opens in Covent Garden, London
35	1859	1859: Peaceful picketing legalised in Britain 25 Apr 1859: Work started on building the Suez canal (opened 17 Nov 1869) 4 May 1859: Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opened at Saltash giving rail link between Devon and Cornwall 24 Nov 1859: Charles Darwin publishes "The Origin of Species"
36	1860	29 Aug 1860: First tram service in Europe starts in Birkenhead
37	1861	25 May 1861: American Civil War begins
38	1862	1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks) 20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
39	1863	1863: Football Association founded (UK) 1863: Opening of state institution for criminally insane at Broadmoor, England 10 Jan 1863: First section of the London Underground Railway opens
40	1864	1864: A man-powered submarine, "Hunley", sank a Federal steam ship, USS Housatonic, at the entrance to Charleston harbour in 1864 – the first recorded successful attack by a submarine on a surface ship 11 Mar 1864: The Great Sheffield Flood – over 250 died when a new dam broke while it was being filled for the first time 20 Aug 1864: Red Cross established – Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention 8 Dec 1864: Clifton Suspension Bridge over the River Avon officially opened
41	1865	1865: Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) becomes first woman doctor in England [she later became the first woman mayor in England, in Aldeburgh 1908] 1865: First concrete roads built in Britain 14 Apr 1865: End of American Civil War – slavery abolished in USA 14 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln assassinated in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth 5 Jul 1865: William Booth (1829-1912) founds Salvation Army, in London
42	1867	1 Jul 1867: The British North America Act takes effect, creating the Canadian Confederation
43	1868	1868: Last convicts landed in Australia (Western Australia)
44	1869	1869: Ball bearings, celluloid, margarine, and washing machines, all invented 23 Nov 1869: Cutty Sark launched in Dumbarton
45	1870	1870: GPO takes over the privately-owned Telegraph Companies (nationalised) 1870: Dr Thomas Barnardo opens his first home for destitute children 1870: Water closets come into wide use 1870: Diamonds discovered in Kimberley, South Africa 1 Oct 1870: First British postcard – halfpenny post
46	1871	27 Mar 1871: First Rugby Football international, England v Scotland, played in Edinburgh 29 Mar 1871: Opening of Royal Albert Hall, London 29 Jun 1871: Trades Unions legalised in Britain, but picketing made illegal
47	1872	1872: Licensing hours introduced 1872: Penalties introduced for failing to register births, marriages & deaths (Eng & Wales) 4 Dec 1872: American ship "Mary Celeste" is found abandoned by the British brig "Dei Gratia" in the Atlantic Ocean
48	1874	1874: Factory Act introduces 56-hour week 5 Apr 1874: Birkenhead Park opened, said to be the first civic public park in the world – features of it later copied in Central Park, New York
49	1875	1875: London's main sewage system completed 1 Jan 1875: Midland Railway abolishes Second Class passenger facilities, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies followed during the rest of the year. (Third Class was renamed Second Class in 1956)
50	1876	14 Feb 1876: Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray each file a patent for the telephone – Bell awarded the rights
51	1877	1877: Edison invents microphone and phonograph
52	1878	1878: Edison & Swan invent electric lamp 1878: Red Flag Act in Britain limits mechanical road vehicles to 4mph 1878: CID established at New Scotland Yard
53	1879	18 Sep 1879: Blackpool illuminations switched on for first time
54	1880	1880: Education Act: schooling compulsory for 5-10 year olds 1880: Mosquito found to be the carrier of malaria 2 Aug 1880: Greenwich Mean Time adopted throughout UK
55	1881	1881: Postal Orders introduced 1881: Flogging abolished in Army and Royal Navy Sep 1881: Godalming in Surrey became the first town in England to have a public electricity supply installed (but in 1884 it reverted to gas lighting until 1904) 26 Oct 1881: Gunfight at OK Corral
56	1882	1882: Fourth Eddystone Lighthouse completed
57	1883	1883: Statue of Liberty presented to USA by France 24 May 1883: Brooklyn Bridge, New York opens (crosses East River) 1 Aug 1883: Parcel post starts in Britain 27 Aug 1883: Eruption of Krakatoa near Java – 30,000 killed by tidal wave
58	1884	31 May 1884: John Harvey Kellogg patents corn flakes 13 Oct 1884: Greenwich made prime meridian of the world
59	1885	1885: Carl Benz builds the 'Motorwagen', a single-cylinder motor car 1885: Gottlieb Daimler patents the world's first motorcycle 1885: Eastman makes first coated photographic paper 1885: Canadian Pacific Railway completed Mar 1885: First UK cremation in modern times took place at Woking 5 Sep 1885: The first train runs through the Severn Tunnel 29 Sep 1885: First electric tramcar used at Blackpool
60	1886	20 Jan 1886: Mersey railway (under Mersey) opened by Prince of Wales May 1886: Pharmacist John Styth Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage later named "Coca-Cola" 29 May 1886: Putney Bridge opens in London
61	1887	1887: Daimler produces a four-wheeled motor car
62	1888	1888: Convention of Constantinople guarantees free maritime passage through Suez Canal in war and peace 1888: Jack the Ripper active in east London during the latter half of the year 1888: County Councils set up in Britain 1888: Dunlop invents pneumatic tyre 1888: First box camera – George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak, and receives a patent for his camera which uses roll film 20 Mar 1888: Football League formed
63	1889	1889: Celluloid film produced 1889: Dock Strike – docker's won their "Docker's Tanner", 6 old pennies 31 Mar 1889: Eiffel Tower completed (to mark centenary of French Revolution) 14 May 1889: Children's charity NSPCC launched in London 3 Jun 1889: Canadian Pacific Railway completed from coast to coast 28 Sep 1889: Length of a metre defined
64	1890	4 Mar 1890: Forth railway bridge opens – took six years to build 4 Nov 1890: City & South London Railway opens – London's first deep-level tube railway and first major railway in the world to use electric traction
65	1891	1891: Primary education made free and compulsory 18 Mar 1891: First telephone link between London & Paris 4 May 1891: Fictional date when Sherlock Holmes throws Moriarty over Reichenbach Falls, then disappears for 3 years! (published in 1893) 24 Aug 1891: Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera
66	1892	1892: Electric oven invented 1892: Shop Hours Act – limit 74 hours per week for under-18's 6 Oct 1892: Alfred Lord Tennyson dies, aged 83, at his house Aldworth, near Haslemere
67	1893	1893: Henry Ford's first car 1893: Zip fastener invented
68	1894	1894: Picture postcard introduced in Britain 1 Jan 1894: Manchester Ship Canal opens 1 Mar 1894: Blackpool Tower opens 30 Jun 1894: Tower Bridge first opens 2 Aug 1894: Death duties first introduced in Britain
69	1895	1895: Sir Henry Wood starts Promenade Concerts in London 12 Jan 1895: The National Trust founded in England 24 May 1895: Henry Irving becomes the first person from the theatre to be knighted 28 May 1895: Oscar Wilde sent to prison 12 Jul 1895: First recorded motor journey of any length (56 miles) in Britain 17 Oct 1895: First people in Britain to be charged with motor offences – John Henry Knight and James Pullinger of Farnham, Surrey Nov 1895: X-rays discovered
70	1896	5 Apr 1896: First modern Olympic Games held in Athens 2 Jun 1896: Guglielmo Marconi receives a British patent (later disputed) for the radio
71	1897	1897: Thomas Edison patents the Kinetoscope, the first movie projector
72	1898	1898: First photograph using artificial light 1898: Zeppelin builds airship 1898: Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company founded 17 Mar 1898: USS Holland launched, the first practical submarine 27 Jun 1898: The first solo circumnavigation of the globe completed at Rhode island by Joshua Slocum in Spray (started from Boston, Mass on Apr 24, 1895)
73	1899	6 Mar 1899: Aspirin first marketed by Bayer 11 Oct 1899: Start of Second Boer War
74	1900	1900: School leaving age in Britain raised to 14 years 1900: Central Line opens in London: underground is electrified 1900: Escalator shown at Paris exhibition 9 Feb 1900: Davis Cup tennis competition established 27 Feb 1900: Labour Party formed
75	1901	1901: Commonwealth of Australia founded 1901: Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner 22 Jan 1901: Queen Victoria dies – Edward VII king 2 Feb 1901: Queen Victoria's funeral – interred beside Prince Albert in the Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park Jun 1901: Denunciation of use of concentration camps by British in Boer War 2 Oct 1901: Britain's first submarine launched 12 Dec 1901: First successful radio transmission across the Atlantic, by Marconi – Morse code from Cornwall to Newfoundland
76	1902	1902: Balfour's Education Act provides for secondary education 1902: Cremation Act – cremation can only take place at officially recognised establishments, and with two death certificates issued 1902: Marie Curie discovers radioactivity 24 May 1902: Empire Day (later Commonwealth Day) first celebrated 31 May 1902: Treaty of Vereeniging ends Second Boer War 9 Aug 1902: Coronation of Edward VII
77	1903	1903: Workers' Education Association (WEA) formed in Britain 1903: Women's Social and Political Union formed in Britain by Emmeline Pankhurst 1903: Henry Ford sets up his motor company 14 Dec 1903: First flight of Wilbur & Orville Wright
78	1904	1904: Leeds University established 8 Apr 1904: France and UK sign the Entente Cordiale 4 May 1904: America takes over construction of the Panama Canal from the French (completed 1914)
79	1905	1905: The title 'Prime Minister' noted in a royal warrant for the first time – placed the Prime Minister in order of precedence in Britain immediately after the Archbishop of York 1905: Aliens Act in Britain: Home Office controls immigration 1905: Germany lays down the first Dreadnought battleship 11 Apr 1905: Einstein publishes Special Theory of Relativity
80	1906	1906: Introduction of free school meals for poor children 10 Feb 1906: Launching of HMS Dreadnought, first turbine-driven battleship 15 Mar 1906: Rolls-Royce Ltd registered 26 May 1906: Vauxhall Bridge opened in London 20 Sep 1906: Launching of Cunard's RMS Mauretania on the Tyne
81	1907	1907: New Zealand becomes a Dominion 1907: Imperial College, London, is established 1907: First airship flies over London 1907: Lumiere develops a process for colour photography Jul 1907: Leo Hendrik Baekeland patents Bakelite, the first plastic invented that held its shape after being heated 1 Aug 1907: Baden-Powell leads the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island 9 Nov 1907: The Cullinan Diamond presented to Edward VII on his birthday
82	1908	1908: Coal Mines Regulation Act in Britain limits men to an eight hour day 1908: Separate courts for juveniles established in Britain 1908: Lord Baden-Powell starts the Boy Scout movement 1 Jul 1908: SOS became effective as an international signal of distress 12 Aug 1908: First 'Model T' Ford made
83	1909	1909: Beveridge Report prompts creation of labour Exchanges 1909: Peary reaches the north pole 1909: First commercial manufacture of Bakelite – start of the plastic age 1 Jan 1909: Old Age Pensions Act came into force 16 Jan 1909: Ernest Shackleton's expedition finds the magnetic South Pole 15 Mar 1909: Selfridges department store opens in London 25 Jul 1909: Bleriot flies across the Channel (36 minutes, Calais to Dover)
84	1910	1910: Railway strike and coal strikes in Britain 1910: Constitutional crisis in Britain 1910: Dr Crippen caught by radio telegraphy; hanged 23 Nov at Pentonville 1910: Madame Curie isolates radium 1910: Halley's comet reappears 1910: Tango becomes popular in North America and Europe 6 May 1910: Edward VII dies – George V becomes King
85	1911	1911: Parliament Act in Britain reduces the power of the House of Lords 1911: British MPs receive a salary 1911: First British Official Secrets Act 1911: Rutherford: theory of atomic structures 1911: Strikes by seamen, dock and transport workers (1911-1912) 2 Apr 1911: Census: Population - England and Wales: 36 Million; Scotland: 4.6 Million; N Ireland: 1.25 Million 22 Jun 1911: Coronation of George V 14 Dec 1911: National Insurance introduced in Britain
86	1912	1912: Irish Home Rule crisis grows in Britain 1912: Britain nationalises the telephone system 1912: Discovery of the 'Piltdown Man' – hoax, exposed in 1953 18 Jan 1912: Captain Scott's last expedition – he and his team reach the south pole on Jan 18th; all die on the way back, their bodies found in November 14 Apr 1912: The 'unsinkable' Titanic sinks on maiden voyage – loss of 1,513 lives 13 May 1912: Royal Flying Corps (later the RAF) founded in Britain
87	1913	1913: Third Irish Home Rule Bill rejected by House of Lords – threat of civil war in Ireland – formation of Ulster Volunteers to oppose Home Rule 1913: Suffragette demonstrations in London – Mrs Pankhurst imprisoned 1913: Trade Union Act in Britain establishes the right to use Union funds for political purposes 1913: Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley of Sheffield 1913: Geiger invents his counter to measure radioactivity 4 Jun 1913: Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of the king's horse, Anmer, at the Epsom Derby and dies
88	1914	1914: Irish Home Rule Act provides for a separate Parliament in Ireland; the position of Ulster to be decided after the War 1914: Chaplin and De Mille make their first films 28 Jun 1914: Archduke Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo 4 Aug 1914: Britain declares war on Germany, citing Belgian neutrality as reason 5 Aug 1914: British cableship Telconia cut through all five of Germany's undersea telegraph links to the outside world 15 Aug 1914: Panama Canal opened, the Canal cement boat 'Ancon' making the first official transit (plans for a grand opening were cancelled due to the start of WW1) Oct 1914: Battle of Ypres – beginning of trench warfare on western front 27 Nov 1914: First policewoman goes on duty in Britain 16 Dec 1914: German battleships bombard Hartlepool and Scarborough
89	1915	1915: Junkers construct first fighter aeroplane 1915: First automatic telephone exchange in Britain 19 Jan 1915: First Zeppelin air raid on England, over East Anglia – four killed Feb 1915: Submarine blockade of Britain starts Apr 1915: Second Battle of Ypres – poison gas used for first time 25 Apr 1915: Gallipoli campaign starts (declared ANZAC Day in 1916) 7 May 1915: RMS Lusitania sunk by German submarine off coast of Ireland – 1,198 died 16 May 1915: First meeting of a British WI (Women's Institute) took place in Llanfairpwll (aka Llanfair PG), Anglesey
90	1916	1916: Compulsory military service introduced in Britain Feb 1916: Battle of Verdun – appalling losses on both sides, stalemate continues 24 Apr 1916: Easter Rising in Ireland – after the leaders are executed, public opinion backs independence 21 May 1916: First use of Daylight Saving Time in UK 31 May 1916: Battle of Jutland – only major naval battle between the British and German fleets 5 Jun 1916: Sinking of HMS Hampshire and death of Kitchener 3 Aug 1916: Sir Roger Casement hanged at Pentonville Prison for treason 15 Sep 1916: First use of tanks in battle, but of limited effect (Battle of the Somme 1 July to 18 Nov: over 1 million casualties) 7 Dec 1916: Lloyd-George becomes British Prime Minister of the coalition government